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What Is Fuel Feed System In Automobile?

Fuel Feed System In Automobile

Welcome to another interesting article on Autoblogly. I have shared the entire details, parts, and types of the fuel feed system in automobiles.
In each and every moving vehicle, the fuel is stored in the tank, and in order to start and run the vehicle, the fuel stored in the tank must reach the engine's combustion chamber. This system is available on SI as well as Compression Ignition Engines.

Fuel Feed System - Automobile 

The process of delivering fuel from the tank to the combustion chamber is known as the fuel feed system.
Fuel Feed System images
In a fuel feed system, the fuel can be delivered in many ways. It means there are different methods of delivering the fuel from the tank to the engine. I have covered a little about all of them. But the most important and advanced one is CRDI. This one is currently used at present and this system can be found in each and every new vehicle. So, before going further. I want to start from the beginning so that it will help you to clear the concept more thoroughly.
In a petrol engine, the petrol from the tank reaches through the pump, filter, and carburetor, to the engine cylinder. In diesel engines, the carburetor is not needed, the fuel is injected into the engine cylinder by an injector.

Function Of Fuel Feed System

The main functions of the fuel feed system are:
  • To store the fuel in the tank
  • To supply fuel to the engine to the required amount and in proper condition.
  • To indicate the fuel level to the driver.

Types of Fuel Feed Systems

There are different ways of delivering fuel and they have also a process and different working methods as per the availability of technology. The fuel from the fuel tank to the engine cylinder can be supplied by the means of following systems:
  1. Gravity System - This does not need any pump. In this system, the fuel tank is placed at a higher level than the carburetor. It's a simple and cheap system. The tank is directly connected to the carburetor.
  2. Pressure System - it contains an air pump and pressure-sealed tank. The air pump produces pressure due to which fuel starts traveling to the carburetor.
  3. Vacuum System - it is a vacuum method, the engine suction is used to suck the fuel from the tank to the carburetor.
  4. Pump System a camshaft or electrical-driven pump is used to bring the fuel from the tank to the carburetor. Here, the level of the tank doesn't matter. It can be placed anywhere inside the vehicle.
  5. Fuel injection System - An fuel injection pump is used in this system instead of a carburetor. The fuel is atomized and delivered in the air stream. Each cylinder has a separate injector.
The gravity, pressure, and vacuum system of fuel feed are obsolete now. The pump system is used universally on the motor vehicle. Some gasoline engines use a fuel injection system. In this system, a fuel injection pump is required instead of a carburetor.

Components Used To Deliver Fuel From Tank to Engine

  1. Fuel tank - It stores the fuel.
  2. Fuel pump - It works as a normal pump and transfers the fuel from the tank to the engine.
  3. Fuel filter - It filters the fuel.
  4. Carburetor - It crates a proper vaporization mixture of air and fuel.
  5. Intake manifold - The fresh air come from the intake manifold.
  6. Fuel lines - They are metal pipes, help in transferring fuel.
  7. Measuring gauze - To meter the fuel level in the tank.

Final words

The fuel feed system is one of the most important concepts to understand while working with an automobile. Of the system mentioned here, few are old and few are still used. 
Currently, MPFI for petrol and CRDI for diesel are used to inject the fuel inside the engine combustion chamber. This blog is fully focused on the automobile system which is found in most of the latest model diesel vehicles today.

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